Actions | Climate Action Plan

Actions

Actions by phases

Ongoing and completed actions

Actions by status

Ongoing and completed actions

Active actions last updated

Actions that have been updated within the last 6 months

ID

Action title

Implementation phase

Status

Tasks

Information updated

Council Prioritization Score

BE-1.1SA-1

Complete an analysis of the City's building and housing stock.

On time

BE-1.1a

Develop a comprehensive building decarbonization roadmap.

On time

BE-1.1SA-2

Update the Building Energy Benchmarking Ordinance to expand enforcement and compliance.

On time

BE-1.1b

Develop a Building Performance Standards (BPS) policy.

On time

BE-1.1SA-3

Explore opportunities to increase onsite water reuse and irrigation for buildings.

On time

BE-1.1SA-4

Prioritize cool roofs when feasible in energy efficiency building code update.

On time

BE-1.1SA-5

Identify funding sources for residential weatherization projects, appliance exchanges, and building retrofits in CoC's.

Continuous

BE-1.1SA-6

Expand residential Photovoltaic deployment incentives/programs

On time

BE-1.1SA-7

Develop programs to promote energy efficiency and load management technologies with an emphasis in Communities of Concern

Continuous

BE-1.2a

Develop and adopt a Building Electrification policy...requiring new residential and commercial buildings to eliminate the use of natural gas...

Late

BE-1.2SA-1

Prioritize cool roofs in energy efficiency building code update.

On time

BE-1.2SA-2

Support new regional policies for alternative systems...to replace existing heating and cooling air systems and water systems

On time

BE-1.2SA-3

Establish policies that incentivize developers to use less GHG intensive materials and practices...

BE-1.3a

Develop municipal energy implementation plan and municipal zero carbon emissions buildings and operations policies.

On time

BE-1.3SA-1

Implement energy efficiency projects at City facilities to meet zero emissions goals...

On time

BE-1.3SA-2

Identify and prioritize energy projects at City facilities that increase resiliency...

On time

BE-1.3SA-3

Implement technologies...at City facilities to meet the zero emissions goals...established in the Municipal Energy Strategy & Implementation Plan.

On time

BE-1.3SA-4

Convert all street lights to LEDs and explore auto-dimming technology where public safety would not be compromised

On time

BE-1.3SA-5

Convert all traffic signals to LED lights

On time

BE-1.3SA-6

Future development on City-owned property will require and reward proposals based on decarbonization and other CAP goals

BE-SA-1

Remove high-Global Warming Potential refrigerants - develop a refrigerant management program that establishes a phaseout timeline for high-Global Warming Potential refrigerants

BE-SA-2

Advance workforce development programs for decarbonization including energy efficiency and renewable energy projects

On time

RE-2.1a

Partner with SDCP to increase customer adoption of 100% renewable energy supply.

On time

RE-2.1b

Partner with SDCP to incentivize local generation of renewable energy resources.

On time

RE-2.1-SA-1

Develop financial support programs to incentivize solar on multifamily buildings, providing financial benefits to tenants and families within Communities of Concern

On time

RE-2.1-SA-2

Develop financial support programs to incentivize deployment of building-scale renewables and mandate the use of renewables through building codes, while engaging residents and other stakeholders in the process.

On time

RE-2.1-SA-3

Increase renewable generation at non-residential developments through new policies or incentive programs.

RE-2.1-SA-4

Facilitate local renewable energy resource deployment through land use code update

On time

RE-2.1-SA-5

Deploy advanced renewable energy technologies (e.g. battery energy storage systems, microgrids, etc.) at municipal facilities to demonstrate feasibility.

On time

RE-2.1-SA-6

Leverage municipal facilities to establish community solar and microgrid solutions when tariffs allow.

On time

RE-2.1-SA-7

Explore partnerships for a trade-in program for small landscape owners to transition to electric equipment.

On time

RE-2.2a

Develop a City Fleet Vehicle Replacement and Electrification strategy consistent with the Municipal Energy Implementation Plan and state requirements for municipal electrification.

On time

RE-2.2-SA-1

Conduct City fleet electrification feasibility study to determine best siting, funding needs, and strategies including specific strategies for Chollas Operations Yard.

On time

RE-2.2-SA-2

Seek partnerships with SDCP, SDG&E and others to install charging infrastructure for all vehicle types

On time

RE-2.2-SA-3

Include stated preference for 100% renewable energy on publically available chargers on municipal land

On time

RE-2.2-SA-4

Update AR35.80 to include EV vehicles to the list of preferred purchases

On time

RE-2.2-SA-5

Update municipal parking yard electric infrastructure to support electric vehicle charging needs

On time

RE-2.2-SA-6

Create standards for the City’s purchase of fuel for fleet vehicles that contains the lowest levels of lifecycle GHG emissions available.

On time

RE-2.2-SA-7

Explore pilot projects for a variety of grid resilience services (demand response, emergency back-up, demand charge reduction, etc.) through three modes of EV integration (Grid-to-Vehicle, Vehicle-to-Building, Vehicle-to-Grid)

On time

RE-2.3a

Develop a city-wide electric vehicle strategy to accelerate EV adoption...

On time

RE-2.3-SA-1

Set a goal to install public EV charging stations on city property to support EV adoption in Communities of Concern.

On time

RE-2.3-SA-2

Work with local businesses to expand EV charging stations on commercial property

On time

RE-2.3-SA-3

Amend the building code update to expand EV charging stations requirements...

On time

RE-2.3-SA-4

Amend the building code to require charging stations for electric bicycles.

On time

RE-2.3-SA-5

Explore the development of a citywide policy for surplus land...to be considered for EV charging sites...

RE-2.3-SA-6

Continue...to support the conversion of the school bus fleet to zero emissions vehicles.

RE-2.3-SA-7

Work with SANDAG, APCD and MTS to procure a fully zero emissions bus fleet

RE-2.3-SA-8

Work with SANDAG, APCD, U.S. Navy, the Port of San Diego and other partners on medium and heavy duty (MD/HD) ZEV infrastructure planning.

On time

MLU-3.1a

Develop Safe Routes to Schools safety plans; start a San Diego Safe Routes to Schools program focusing on Communities of Concern and underperforming schools

On time

MLU-3.1-SA1

Adopt City portions of SANDAG's forthcoming first mile/last mile initiative and incorporate Safe Routes to Transit strategies in Transit Priority Areas

On time

MLU-3.1-SA2

Partner with public safety to review and reform education programs and enforcement policies related to pedestrian and traffic safety.

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA3

Increase education campaigns to improve motorist behavior to result in a safer right-of-way for bicyclists and pedestrians.

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA4

Amend the code and street design manual to include standards for pedestrian oriented street lighting in neighborhoods and alleyways.

On time

MLU-3.1-SA5

Install pedestrian-oriented streetlights for increased safety and comfort in Communities of Concern.

Continuous

MLU-3.1b

Update Bicycle Master Plan with current best practices...

On time

MLU-3.1-SA6

Include in Bicycle Master Plan update policies and programs to increase bicycle storage near new bikeways

On time

MLU-3.1c

Implement the City's Bicycle Master Plan and community plan bicycle networks with a Class IV First approach.

On time

MLU-3.1d

Develop a Mobility Master Plan to reduce mobile sources emissions and further a shift in mode

On time

MLU-3.1-SA7

Complete and implement the Mobility Master Plan...

On time

MLU-3.1-SA8

Create a quick build policy and design guidelines to facilitate repurposing of the right-of-way for installation of interim or pilot bicycle, ADA accessibility, or pedestrian projects

On time

MLU-3.1-SA9

Examine proposed bike and pedestrian projects and use "quick-build" pathways where appropriate to increase financial viability

On time

MLU-3.1-SA10

Identify and address gaps in the City's pedestrian network and opportunities for improved pedestrian crossing, using the City's Pedestrian Master Plan and the City's sidewalk assessment

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA11

Incorporate trees and additional cooling features such as innovative shade designs, water features, and cooling centers at parks, with a concentration in Communities of Concern

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA12

Include shade structures on building frontages in pedestrian thoroughfares.

On time

MLU-3.1-SA13

Update street planning and design process with a focus on community input from Communities of Concern to prioritize pedestrians, bicyclists, and transit

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA14

Include audible pedestrian signals at all signal-controlled crosswalks

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA15

Install audible wayfinding beacons at complicated intersections and sign locations

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA16

Increase number of trash and recycling receptacles in pedestrian corridors/Transit Priority Areas

On time

MLU-3.1-SA17

Implement Assembly Bill 43 to reduce speed limits in select corridors

On time

MLU-3.1-SA18

Update City special events permits to prioritize transit, walking, and bicycling

On time

MLU-3.1-SA19

Amend Council Policy 800-14 to prioritize CAP implementation with a greater investment in Communities of Concern, [cont]...

On time

MLU-3.1e

Evaluate existing and future fee structures to increase the priority of active transportation project implementation...

On time

MLU-3.1-SA20

Explore fee structure/incentive program to increase cost savings for shared transportation network company (TNC) trips relative to private TNC trips

MLU-3.1f

Review and improve flexible fleets and micro-mobility policies/shared use mobility programs, especially focused in Communities of Concern and first mile/last mile applications

Continuous

MLU-3.1g

Partner with Microbility Operators to optimize the number of scooters available in mobility hubs and/or near transit

Continuous

MLU-3.1-SA21

Implement the City’s San Diego River Park Master Plan to increase mobility

On time

MLU-3.1-SA22

Where roadway widenings are otherwise planned, identify opportunities to repurpose the use of the right-of-way for walking, rolling, biking, and transit modes of travel

On time

MLU-3.1-SA23

Ensure that Capital Improvement Projects comply with all applicable landscape requirements in the Land Development Code

On time

MLU-3.1-SA24

Engage communities during the community plan updates and other multimodal corridors and active transportation planning processes to better accommodate all users of the right-of-way with an emphasis on improving safety for vulnerable users

Continuous

MLU-3.2a

Advocate for a permanent, regional Youth Opportunity Pass and support the expansion of the program to include college students and residents in Communities of Concern

On time

MLU-3.2-SA1

Facilitate partnerships with universities and colleges with goal of student walk/ride/transit use well-above citywide goals

On time

MLU-3.2-SA2

Create programs and incentives for transit passes bundled with all new major developments within one mile of a major transit stop

On time

MLU-3.2b

Create a quick build policy and design guidelines to facilitate repurposing of the right-of-way for installation of interim or pilot transit projects

MLU-3.2-SA3

Identify transit stops where upgrades are needed, especially in Communities of Concern, and streamline implementation of upgrades to high priority transit stops

On time

MLU-3.2c

Ensure every high-volume transit stop has access to transit shelters...

Continuous

MLU-3.2d

Implement projects and update the Placemaking Ordinance, including a street furniture program that reduces heat exposure, prioritizes natural shade solutions, provides cool transit stops, and improves access to nearby restrooms in high transit use areas and pedestrian corridors, prioritizing Communities of Concern

Continuous

MLU-3.2-SA4

Support MTS, SANDAG and Caltrans in the creation of transit right-of-way for regional transit connections

Continuous

MLU-3.2e

Develop dedicated bus lanes or shared bus and bike lanes to increase transit efficiency and on-time performance...

Continuous

MLU-3.2-SA5

Prioritize and assist MTS with siting and design on complete transit stops in CoC, including shade trees, lighting, trash bins

Continuous

MLU-3.2-SA6

Partner with MTS for priority right of way for buses and trolley in roadway corridors and at intersections

Continuous

MLU-3.3a

Amend the Land Development Code to include mandatory transportation demand management (TDM) regulations citywide.

MLU-3.3b

Develop a City of San Diego employee TDM policy.

On time

MLU-3.3c

Establish a team and roadmap to support actions that require connectivity and close the digital divide.

Continuous

MLU-3.3-SA1

Create a Digital Navigator support line.

On time

MLU-3.3-SA2

Create a Digital Literacy program

On time

MLU-3.3-SA3

Loan mobile hotspots and personal computers to residents.

Continuous

MLU-3.3-SA4

Provide Public WiFi access at various public areas in Low-to-Moderate Income (LMI) areas.

Continuous

MLU-3.3-SA5

Formalize a regional device refurbishment and distribution program

On time

MLU-3.3-SA6

Work with local organizations to distribute refurbished devices previously used by the City to residents at low or no costs

Continuous

MLU-3.3-SA7

Enhance data collection and outreach in Communities of Concern. Identify residents in need of technology assistance, understand barriers to remote work, and improve community access to technology.

On time

MLU-3.4a

Install traffic circles and roundabouts

On time

MLU-3.4b

Retime traffic signals to reduce vehicle fuel consumption through improving the flow of traffic

Continuous

MLU-3.4-SA1

Work with the Port of San Diego, SANDAG, and Caltrans to prepare a feasibility study to identify the best truck route to Tenth Avenue Marine Terminal and diversion, traffic calming and appropriate signage as included in the APCD’s Community Emission Reduction Plan (CERP)

On time

MLU-3.4-SA2

Work with communities to implement comprehensive solutions for the curb space...

Continuous

MLU-3.5a

Update the Placemaking Ordinance to better support mode shift, to increase accessibility, walkability, and activate public spaces

On time

MLU-3.5-SA1

Amend local regulations, like the Placemaking ordinance, and policies to allow for wider sidewalks and the use of setbacks for public spaces and place making

On time

MLU-3.5-SA2

Implement temporary and permanent car-free zones/zero emission zones

Continuous

MLU-3.5-SA3

Amend the General Plan Mobility Element to include a Complete Streets policy to enable safe, attractive and comfortable access so that pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists and transit users of all ages and abilities can safely travel within the public right-of-way

On time

MLU-3.5-SA4

Amend land development code regulations to require more efficient pedestrian access between existing and new development.

MLU-3.5-SA5

Prioritize as part of the Environmental Justice work on air quality emissions reduction opportunities with APCD and Communities of Concern

On time

MLU-3.5b

Focus new development in areas that will allow residents, employees and visitors to safely, conveniently, and enjoyable travel as a pedestrian, or by biking, or transit, such as in Transit Priority Areas (TPAs), and areas of the City with the lowest amount of vehicular travel.

Continuous

MLU-3.5c

Plan for land uses that will allow existing residents, employees and visitors to more safely, conveniently and enjoyably travel as a pedestrian, biking, or transit

Continuous

MLU-3.5-SA6

Focus on delivering new mixed-use development on sites, including vacant and underutilized lots, located near transit, such as in TPAs and areas of the City of San Diego with the lowest amount of vehicular travel.

Continuous

MLU-3.5-SA7

Implement active transportation in lieu fees to fund pedestrian, cyclist and transit investments where the greatest GHG emissions reductions will result, in accordance with Complete Communities: Mobility Choices

Continuous

MLU-3.5-SA8

Maximize new development in areas located with safe, convenient and enjoyable access to transit

Continuous

MLU-3.5-SA9

Support expansion of urban greenspace including park access, open space, and wildlife corridors where appropriate, along streets to encourage outdoor activity, walking, and increase pedestrian access to parks in Communities of Concern

Continuous

MLU-3.6a

Optimize use of curb space including management of on-street parking in TPAs

On time

MLU-3.6b

Amend the land development code to eliminate parking minimum requirements

On time

MLU-3.6c

Amend the land development code to establish parking maximum requirements for use types and locations where appropriate

On time

MLU-3.6d

Amend the land development code to prohibit new auto-oriented land uses that would create conflicts with walking and bicycling within TPAs

On time

CECC-4.1a

Approve and implement the Polystyrene Foam and Single Use Plastics Ordinance.

On time

CECC-4.1b

Expand the Polystyrene Foam and Single Use Plastics Ordinance to phase out Single-Use materials and prioritize reuse rather than disposable goods

On time

CECC-4.2a

Capture landfill methane gas emissions

Continuous

CECC-4.2b

Update the City’s administrative regulations to include purchasing requirements for sustainable products and food

CECC-4.2c

Include procurement targets, with a focus on the maintenance of street easements, parks, and other green space...to expand the demand and production of high quality compost in the City

On time

CECC-4.3a

Create a food council or advisory board with local stakeholders

On time

CECC-4.3b

Invest in expanding the food waste prevention network - expand infrastructure & partnerships for edible food recovery

On time

CECC-4.3c

Require food waste prevention, donation and recycling plans for all City food service operations and large events on City managed, leased or owned lands

On time

CECC-4.3d

Establish a multidisciplinary team of subject matter experts across City departments with a focus on land use, economic growth, neighborhood vitality and healthy food access to work with community members to expand urban agricultural programs and develop policies to encourage community-based farms, including demonstration projects

CECC-4.3-SA1

Work with the County and Farm Bureau to support investments in climate-smart agriculture and the local food supply chain

CECC-4.3-SA2

Incentivize the incorporation of urban agriculture features including indoor agriculture, edible forestry, community gardens, etc

CECC-4.3-SA3

Increase community participation with the Urban Agriculture Incentive Zone (UAIZ) program

On time

CECC-4.3-SA4

Partner with County of SD to increase community access to Federal meal programs (EBT, WIC, etc) and incentivize usage of these programs for local food access (CSA, farmers market, retail)

On time

CECC-4.3-SA5

Invest in a network of local food sourcing, aggregation, distribution and processing infrastructure including regional food hubs, neighborhood scale commercial kitchens or shared kitchens, and other food businesses, particularly in low-income communities

On time

CECC-4.3-SA6

Regulate or activate programs for food businesses to minimize food related carbon emissions...and provide technical assistance and resources. Also include checklist and outreach as part of business licensing process

On time

CECC-4.3-SA7

Incorporate food security and reslient food systems into climate resilience and emergency planning

On time

CECC-4.4a

Update, adopt, and implement the City's Zero Waste Plan

On time

CECC-4.4b

Update the Citywide Recycling Ordinance to ban divertible materials (yard waste, food) from residential and commercial trash containers, in compliance with SB 1383

On time

CECC-4.4-SA1

Increase enforcement presence to ensure compliance with recently modified City Recycling Ordinance and increase waste diversion

Continuous

CECC-4.4c

Develop a marketing plan for compost and mulch developed within the City. Identify and target compost and mulch markets in urban areas as well as urban agriculture. Partner with industries to increase compost and mulch use including landscaping, stormwater, and water conservation.

On time

CECC-4.4-SA2

Support community composting enterprises through strategic partnerships

Continuous

CECC-4.4d

Analyze city regulations and other barriers to developing businesses that reuse or repair consumer goods, where doing so will not adversely impact the surrounding residential neighborhood

CECC-4.4e

Create a community reuse and repair program to increase waste diversion, reduce material consumption, and develop training and learning opportunities.

CECC-4.4f

Increase public awareness of and access to opportunities for reuse, product rentals, repair, and donation

Continuous

CECC-4.4g

Support and expand citywide reuse infrastructure

CECC-4.4h

Implement a public mattress recycling drop-off location

On time

CECC-4.4-SA3

Evaluate and provide input on State and Federal producer responsibility requirements and laws, to focus on hard to recycle and/or hazardous items impacting San Diego's waste stream

On time

CECC-4.4-SA4

Partner with franchise waste haulers to address barriers to increasing diversion rates

On time

CECC-4.4i

Continue and enhance public outreach programming that provides residents with strategies for household waste reduction, including from food waste and shipping and packaging (e.g., on-demand deliveries), including outreach in languages that reflect the diverse needs of San Diegans

On time

CECC-4.4-SA5

Amend the Construction & Demolition regulations to establish a deconstruction requirement to reduce demolition waste from construction and renovation, facilitate material reuse and create jobs

CECC-4.5a

Capture methane gas from wastewater treatment

Continuous

RIHE-5.1a

Protect, restore, and enhance urban canyons. Support habitat restoration of urban canyons, inclusion of environmental education and recreation opportunities, and continued preservation.

Continuous

RIHE-5.1b

Develop an area specific management plan to protect, restore, and preserve wetland and upland areas on City managed lands, prioritizing Communities of Concern

On time

RIHE-5.1c

Develop Natural Resource Management Plans on all managed preserved lands...

Continuous

RIHE-5.1-SA1

Prioritize parterships with San Diego's tribes and restorative environmental justice opportunities on wetland restoration projects

Continuous

RIHE-5.1-SA2

Acquire Open Space Conservation Land

Continuous

RIHE-5.1-SA3

Create a pilot carbon farming program on vacant public land or in partnerships with educational institutions and non-profit organizations

RIHE-5.1-SA4

Partner with the San Diego River Conservancy and other agencies to identify sequestration opportunities through restoration projects

Continuous

RIHE-5.2a

Create a Street Tree Master Plan with a target of planting 100,000 trees by 2035...

Late

RIHE-5.2b

Conduct a new Urban Tree Canopy assessment.

On time

RIHE-5.2c

Increase tree planting in Communities of Concern by identifying city lands/spaces that need trees.

Continuous

RIHE-5.2d

Reform, streamline, and expand the No Fee Street Tree program to remove [participation] barriers...[for] residents within Communities of Concern.

On time

RIHE-5.2-SA1

Amend the Land Development Code to increase landscape and parking lot tree planting requirements.

On time

RIHE-5.2-SA2

Revise Council Policies and Municipal Codes to strengthen tree protection policies and enhance tree planting efforts.

Late

RIHE-5.2-SA3

Streamline permitting for tree planting, dedicate resources to planting in non-traditional street tree locations, and provide reduced fees or fee waivers in Communities of Concerns

On time

RIHE-5.2e

Develop policies that encourage and incentivize developers, homeowners' associations, and other organizations to preserve, maintain, and plant trees.

Continuous

RIHE-5.2-SA4

Implement a Citywide protocol for tracking planted, removed, and maintained street trees

On time

RIHE-5.2-SA5

Explore allocating revenue from tree removal fines, including from the placement of utility equipment located in the right of way, and fees to fund the planting of new trees

RIHE-5.2-SA6

Expand volunteer programs and partnerships with community organizations to plant and maintain trees.

Continuous

RIHE-5.2-SA7

As established in the Energy Cooperation Agreement with the City and SDG&E, implement the Right Tree, Right Place program (or successor programs), identify additional tree planting locations, assist with tree species ideas, and provide technical support through SDG&E’s arborists

On time

RIHE-5.2-SA8

Monitor and report on SDG&E’s plans to supplant the City’s efforts with direct in-community charitable support for planting up to 2,500 trees in the City over ten years

On time

RIHE-5.2f

Support expansion of urban tree canopy in parks and along active transportation network. Prioritize implementation in Communities of Concern.

Continuous

RIHE-5.2g

Increase tree planting in Communities of Concern starting with the planting of 40K new trees in these communities by 2030.

Continuous

RIHE-5.2-SA9

Support the creation of new urban green space along freeways and City right-of-way.

Continuous

RIHE-5.2h

Protect and maintain all healthy City trees... by use of policy, code, public outreach and code enforcement

Continuous

RIHE-5.2-SA10

Ensure the diversification of tree species, including using native tree and shrub species ...

Continuous

RIHE-5.2-SA11

Perform proper maintenance and tree removal to promote a healthy urban forest and safety of trees in public spaces

Continuous

RIHE-5.2-SA12

Redesign hardscape infrastructure around existing City trees when possible in order to increase large tree canopy cover.

On time

RIHE-5.2i

Develop a plan to increase permeable areas for new trees and restore spaces that have been paved, focused in Communities of Concern

On time

RIHE-5.2-SA13

Increase irrigation for trees in Parks and in Street rights-of-way

RIHE-5.3a

Develop local water supply and reduce dependence on imported water

On time

RIHE-5.3b

Support ongoing gallon per capita water use (GPCD) targets.

Continuous

RIHE-5.3-SA1

Expand awareness of the City's Rainwater Harvesting Rebates and Grass Replacement Rebates programs...

Continuous

RIHE-5.3-SA2

Advance undergrounding of utilties to provide a means to reduce energy use, increase green space preservation, sustainably process and store water and wastes, securely and efficiently site critical infrastructure, prevent and reverse degradation of the urban environment, and enhance quality of life.

On time

RIHE-5.3-SA3

Maximize planning and implementation of green infrastructure at watershed scale and site specific with focused stakeholder engagement efforts in Communities of Concern

Continuous

RIHE-5.3-SA4

Investigate opportunities to capture and reuse rain water

Cancelled or postponed

RIHE-5.3-SA5

Implement Waterways Restoration projects

Continuous

RIHE-5.3-SA6

Increase opportunities for Stormwater harvesting by evaluating new harvesting methodology to determine viability

Cancelled or postponed

RIHE-5.3-SA7

Amend building code regulations to require a percentage of all non-roof (e.g., hardscape) surfaces around new buildings meet certain criteria to reduce urban heat island effect.

On time

RIHE-5.3-SA8

Install cool pavement material on City parking lots and in the public right-of-way, prioritizing Communities of Concern, to increase building energy efficiency and reduce urban heat island effect